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Maritcha Remond Lyons : ウィキペディア英語版
Maritcha Remond Lyons

Maritcha Remond Lyons (May 23, 1848 – January 28, 1929) was an American educator, civic leader, feminist, and writer in New York City and Brooklyn, New York. She taught in public schools in Brooklyn for 48 years, and was the second black woman to serve in their system as an assistant principal, eventually becoming a principal. Lyons was a co-founder of the White Rose Mission in Manhattan's San Juan Hill district, which provided support to American migrants from the South and immigrants from the West Indies.
== Early life ==
Lyons was born in New York City, the third of five children of Albro Lyons, Sr. and Mary Joseph Lyons (née Marshall).〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/MFFZ-3GB )〕 Her father was a graduate of the first African Free School in Manhattan, New York. The Lyons family lived in New York City's free black community and were, at one time, residents of Seneca Village. Lyons' parents operated a seaman's home and seaman's outfitting store that served also as a cover for the family's Underground Railroad activities. Though she was very ill as a child, Maritcha Lyons was eager to acquire an education. She wrote of herself that she developed a "love of study for study’s sake."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lyonscommunityschool.org/about-lyons/maritcha-lyons )〕 Lyons attended Manhattan's Colored School No. 3, under the direction of Charles Reason, a former educator at Philadelphia's Institute for Colored Youth.
The Lyons' home was attacked several times during the New York City Draft Riots of July 1863. Lyons was a teenager at the time. She fled with her family to Salem, Massachusetts for a short time before returning to Brooklyn. Because of the ongoing danger, her parents sent the children to Providence, Rhode Island.
In 1865, Lyons was refused entry to the high school in Providence because she was African-American. The state had no high school for black children.〔 The family successfully sued the state of Rhode Island in a campaign to bring an end to segregated schools. Lyons later became the first African-American student to graduate from Providence High School.〔

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